Africa Cokes Last Frontier

Africa Cokes Last Frontier Article Summary This article gives a diagram of Coke’s nearness in Africa. The creator starts by giving a contextual analysis of a businessperson in Kenya who sells Coke items in her retail location. For the situation study, a gauge uncovers that for each capita utilization of Coke items is 39 servings in one year.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Africa: Cokes Last Frontier explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Stanford contrasts this utilization and Mexico, probably the greatest shopper of Coke, and notices that it devours 665 servings of Coke in a similar length (Stanford, para. 1). The creator studies different markets far and wide, for example, South Africa, China, India, Zambia, United States and so on, and mentions intriguing objective facts. He reasons that Africa appears to have a great deal of potential as a promoting region for Coke. The CEO of Coke, Muhtar Kent, affirms that Coke is by all accounts conceivably at risk for losing its piece of the pie. In 1989, Americans purchased $2.6billion worth of Coke, yet throughout the following two decades, this figure rose uniquely by $0.3billion. This is by all accounts the case for most created nations, making mainlands like Africa a potential â€Å"savior† for this multi-million dollar organization. Suggestions for Professionals Involved in Coke’s Strategic Management The vital supervisory group must think about the above measurement in making their vital arrangement throughout the following decade. As it appears, created nations like the USA don't guarantee a more promising time to come for the organization. By the by, the volume of cash changing hands in creating nations like Kenya and South Africa infers that Coke has a superior possibility of scoring in underdeveloped nations. This implies the organization should make more interests in these nations as they can possibly create the truly necessary 7-9% development speculators anticipate from Coke Corporation. This implies the administration needs to support its circulation group with the goal that more supplies and more item assortments arrive at such shops, as those examined for the situation study. A portion of the techniques that the administrative group needs to actualize in these nations incorporate creation the items progressively reasonable for the market, however one needs to consider the spending that will make this to work out. The other technique that Coca-Cola can utilize is ensuring that conveyance channels are viable. Along these lines, the organization can eliminate transportation and appropriation costs in this manner bringing down activity costs and consequently item costs. The product’s bundling ought to likewise be sufficiently able to retain a portion of the unforgiving conditions in these war-torn nations. At the end of the day, the support expenses of the items ought to be negligible. At long last, Coca-Cola ought to think about financial matters of scale, and sell the item more in mass numbers as opposed to on a retail premise in these creating countries.Advertising Looking for article on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The experts in the administrative group may likewise need to look further into methods of battling their rivals all around the created world. For instance, China’s Coca-Cola Company is confronting solid rivalry from Wahaha, a refreshment organization claimed by the most extravagant man in China (Stanford, para. 5). This implies their advertising group needs to concoct procedures of attracting more clients to their side. In nations like India, where Pepsi is the fundamental contender, the organization needs to receive more up to date approaches to build deals and improve overall revenues (Stanford, para. 7). Determination There is as yet a splendid future for Coca-Cola, however there should be astuteness in taking car e of a portion of the administrative choices in the official group. Rivalry against Coca-Cola is serious, and it will take more forceful showcasing strategies to prevail upon more clients. Work Cited Stanford, Duane. Africa: Cokes Last Frontier. Bloomberg Businessweek. October 2010. Web.

Strategic Entrepreneurship Centrol LTD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Key Entrepreneurship Centrol LTD - Essay Example The business extended inside a year and they were on their street to progress with their first enormous agreement of waste administration from the Beecham, a pharmaceutical organization and Marks and Spenser. Over the most recent forty years, the organization has differentiated into different territories of ecological worry that are the need of great importance. The organization is prestigious for its true duty towards condition protection endeavors and its commitment towards condition safeguarding is estimable. The company’s esteem framework is imbued in its drawn out strategic vision and can be handily seen in the entirety of its exercises which are intended to advance mindfulness towards preservation of our common assets. The pioneering systems of the organization, has been created as the years progressed, which are basic to its prosperity. They followed the multi pronged methodology which turned into the establishment of their prosperity. Paper and cardboard waste removal is a far reaching issue and Heaps had the premonition to see a gigantic open door in dealing with the paper squander removal, He was in this manner ready to step by step develop his business by not just expanding the armada of the waste removal bearers yet put forth attempts to utilize the innovation productively to update the transporters to suit the requests of the changing occasions that decreased time period, cost and simultaneously helped the earth moreover. The company’s utilization of the assets was the feature which advanced its fruitful enhancement into zones that assisted with diminishing the general expense of the waste administration, drawing in more customers from the household and outside market. The administration procured different organizations so as to give all out answer for the all sort of waste removal needs of their customers. Along these lines new reusing plant was begun that had the option to effectively reuse paper, metal, wood, plastic and so forth and the

Essay Topics For Animal Farm

Essay Topics For Animal FarmTo write essays on topics for Animal Farm, you should follow three simple steps. The first step is to come up with a topic that makes sense and meets the standards of the animals in the story. There are two main themes of Animal Farm; rebellion and punishment.The first theme is rebellion. There are four major characters in the story; Cressida, Miss Murdstone, Big Brother Animals, and Tom Bombadil. The first one is Big Brother, who instigates rebellion through physical violence and threats. Miss Murdstone is the rebel who refuses to conform and remain silent. Her rebellion becomes her downfall.Many people's approach to essay topics for Animal Farm is to focus on what they will learn from it. That is fine; however, it is important to realize that you can learn many things about the story from it. By writing an essay on this theme, you can learn how the animals have dealt with their conditions and find other lessons that may relate to your life.In particular, you may want to focus on the characteristics of the oppression that the barnyard animals have experienced. The first thing that comes to mind when you think about these characteristics is the notion of whether the author might be one of those animals or not.One thing that some critics say about George Orwell is that he did not do very well in his school exams. This is perhaps true, although Orwell did not practice what he preached when it came to essay topics for Animal Farm. As a writer, he made the most of what he had and did not fear sacrificing character in order to develop a theme. If you look at the books that George Orwell was doing before the publication of Animal Farm, you will see that he is not afraid to sacrifice plot development.He set his book in a time when Communists had taken over a country and were in the process of retaking it, which resulted in the starting of the plot line for Animal Farm. Since then, his books have been listed as classics by many people, and m any reviewers of his work have listed it as a key source. If you want to know the basic premise of the book, then you have to know that George Orwell created a society in which the cruel and inhumane methods of Communism have become mainstream.This will be the basis for your essay on Animal Farm. You must decide whether you will focus on character or the negative aspects of those characters. In other words, if you write an essay on the reason why the animals are unhappy in the farm, then you may have to begin by talking about how the Animal Farm characters are unhappy with their surroundings and circumstances. Either way, it is important to think about the basic theme and work from there.A good way to start looking at the basics of writing essay topics for Animal Farm is to look at some of the main characters and remember how they treated each other in the book. Also, look at the focus and quality of each character's dialogue. As you read this essay, remember that your thoughts on t hese topics may only lead you to more questions.

Tiempo Permitido Fuera Estados Unidos para Residentes

El tiempo que un residente permanente puede pasar fuera de los Estados Unidos sin afectar su estatus depende de varias circunstancias. Quienes cuentan con una green card deben residir en territorio de los Estados Unidos, de lo contrario se puede encontrar o bien con un rechazo de su solicitud de naturalizacià ³n, o bien con problemas para reingresar al paà ­s. Estos problemas afectan a quienes cuentan con una residencia en tarjeta de plà ¡stico, a quienes la tienen estampada en su pasaporte, a quienes tienen residencia condicional o quienes residen con visa de inversià ³n. Estos son algunos de los casos que hay que considerar: Si el residente pasa fuera de Estados Unidos menos de seis meses no deberà ­an existir problemas en los puntos de reingreso (frontera terrestre, inmigracià ³n en el aeropuerto o puerto marà ­timo) a menos que el oficial de inmigracià ³n tenga razones e informacià ³n  para creer que la persona no reside, de hecho, en el paà ­s. Un ejemplo es quien està ¡ por fuera cinco meses, regresa un dà ­a y vuelve a salir.Si el residente pasa mà ¡s de seis meses fuera de Estados Unidos pero menos de un aà ±o, puede pedir su readmisià ³n si cuenta con los documentos que demuestren que no pretendà ­a abandonar su estatus de residente: familia en Estados Unidos, impuestos al dà ­a, empleo o negocio, propiedades inmobiliarias en el paà ­s, cuentas bancarias, licencia de conduccià ³n valida, documentos que prueben las razones de su demora en regresar al paà ­s o un certificado de estudios en marcha.Si el residente pasa por fuera de Estados Unidos mà ¡s de un aà ±o pero menos de dos , debe pedir un permiso especial para reingresar antes de salir del paà ­s. El permiso es valido por dos aà ±os. En este caso el permiso se debe solicitar: cuando hay certeza de una estadà ­a fuera de Estados Unidos de hasta dos aà ±os, cuando hay advertencias escritas en el pasaporte por un oficial de inmigracià ³n respecto al estatus migratorio, o cuando el residente ha pasado por fuera de Estados Unidos seis meses en un aà ±o y planea estar fuera otros seis meses al aà ±o siguiente.Si el residente ha estado por fuera mà ¡s de un aà ±o y no tiene permiso para reingresar, debe comenzar desde ceros el proceso para obtener un nuevo permiso de residencia, ya que el que tiene no es valido. Esto quiere decir que se pierden las condiciones de residente permanente. En este caso se podrà ­a solicitar una visa SB-1en el consulado o embajada correspondiente antes del reingreso, pero las condiciones que se exigen para solicitar dicha visa son muy especà ­ficas y estrictas (varios d ocumentos, affidavits que respalden la versià ³n de los hechos, exà ¡menes mà ©dicos, impuestos al dà ­a, cuentas bancarias, familia en Estados Unidos).  ¿Cuà ¡les Son Mis Opciones Si He Estado por Fuera Mucho Tiempo? Ante un residente con un estatus migratorio conflictivo el agente de aduana puede proponer varias posibilidades: Que el residente retire voluntariamente su intento de admisià ³n al paà ­s y regrese a su paà ­s de origen; esto no es una deportacià ³n ni expulsià ³n, sino un acto que el residente cumple ejerciendo plena libertad de eleccià ³n.Que el residente firme un documento en el que renuncie a su residencia. En este caso la persona no debe firmar ningà ºn papel que reconozca se ha abandonado el estatus de residente a menos que lo quiera hacer voluntariamente. Al negarse, el residente serà ¡ enviado a la corte y allà ­ podrà ¡ explicar su caso delante de un juez. Que el residente obtenga un permiso (waiver) y pueda entrar con estatus de residente al paà ­s. Que el residente pueda reingresar con un notice to appear (aviso para comparecer). Aquà ­ deberà ¡ presentarse en la corte de inmigracià ³n para un potencial proceso de deportacià ³n a menos que se pruebe con contundencia las razones de la ausencia. Excepciones Los siguientes residentes tienen mà ¡s libertad en sus viajes por fuera de Estados Unidos: Residentes permanentes legales cà ³nyuges de ciudadanos americanos quienes acompaà ±an a su familiar en otro paà ­s debido a un trabajo para el gobierno, o porque son miembros de una de las ramas del Ejà ©rcito de los Estados Unidos.Residentes permanentes legales hijos menores de 21 aà ±os de ciudadanos americanos que acompaà ±an a su familiar en otro paà ­s debido a un trabajo para el gobierno, o porque son miembros de una de las ramas del Ejà ©rcito de los Estados Unidos. En estos casos, dichos residentes deben reingresar al paà ­s junto con el ciudadano americano con el que està ¡n relacionados. Recuerde Si en la aduana se topa con problemas sepa que usted: No esta obligado a firmar ningà ºn documento.No puede perder su tarjeta de residencia. Ningà ºn oficial puede retenerla, solo un juez de inmigracià ³n tiene ese poder. Si pretende solicitar la ciudadanà ­a sepa que usted: Debe pasar al menos la mitad del tiempo requerido (cinco o tres aà ±os) dentro del territorio de Estados Unidos.No debe haber estado por fuera de Estados Unidos mà ¡s de un aà ±o seguido. Esto se considera como una ruptura de su obligacià ³n de residir en el paà ­s. Debe contar con los documentos que validen una estadà ­a por fuera de Estados Unidos de mà ¡s de seis meses y menos de un aà ±o. Por à ºltimo, este test de respuestas mà ºltiples  sobre cà ³mo obtener y conservar la tarjeta de residencia puede ser una guà ­a adicional. Este es un artà ­culo informativo, y no pretende ser asesorà ­a legal.

Suicide Persuasive Essay - 1098 Words

Lets just say there was a girl in a school. Of course there are bullies in every school, but this girl is getting bullied. Some girls make fun of her, and stop her from going to class. They say all these horrible things to her. Finally the girls said the last thing to her. All of the girls left, and started to cry. Over the week she couldn’t take it anymore so she killed herself, and didn’t come back to school. As a kid I want my family to stay safe and not get into any situations like these. Once someone gets bullied for a long time, people are getting hurt by these things. Also millions of people are killing themselves for different reasons. Taking the time to take out information of this topic, I wanted to get bold information about†¦show more content†¦Suicide is probably the most dangerous thing today, and people are just taking away other people’s lives or maybe just themselves. A lot of our people are saying things to stop people from committing s uicide. People are also concerned on why people are doing these things? Why people are being rude and making them commit suicide? But also of having them taking others people lives away. For instance (Example),†Though the consequences can be fatal, suicide is not a black or white issue. Suicidal people are often ambivalent. They are experiencing an inner debate between a part of them that wants to live (Their real self) and a part that wants to die (their anti-self).† (Lisa Firestone ph.D.) Some people think that suicide isn’t that important, and a real movie that actual girl that got bullied. After her getting bullied so much she tried to overdose herself. But that girl that bullied her didn’t know what she had done to her. That girl ignored what she had just created. Government and our society should be paying attention what is happening to reality. But they are, government are helping people in our lives that are trying to hurt themselves. They should se e what they have, and see in their future what could happen. That they could think what they are doing, is it right, or is it wrong? They should know what is best and should think about what they are doing. There areShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Suicide1622 Words   |  7 Pageshealth states, â€Å"Suicide is the 3rd leading cause of death for people from 15 to 24 years old. On a average, 1 person commits suicide every 16.2 minutes. That one suicide could affect other people.† Suicide takes its toll on people when it comes to certain things like depression, loneliness, or peer pressure(bullying). Suicide is one of the highest causes of death because so many think that is a way to get out of certain things or when they feel like they should just give up. Suicide could be preventedRead MorePersuasive Essay On Student Suicide880 Words   |  4 Pagescolleges and universities ignored student suicide to save their reputation, studies were conducted to show what causes sui cide ideations and attempts (Brandt, 35). These have led to the results of showing what can be linked to suicide, such as risky behaviors. Since the 1950s, the suicide rate among young adults have tripled, due to numerous factors. (Cerel, 46) After the influence of parents and other students, universities have begun to change how they handle suicide on campus. New studies were then createdRead MorePersuasive Essay On Teen Suicide1235 Words   |  5 Pagesvoice forever by committing suicide? When a student dies in an accident, schools can mourn the death as a random occurrence. However, when a student kills themselves, a school feels guilty as they mourn. While the teachers feel guilty because they failed to help someone. The students feel bad for not knowing the student. Those who are responsible in some way are conflicted inside by guilt. A school becomes torn up when suicide occurs. However, if schools want to end suicides, they must ask, why are theseRead MoreOutline for Persuasive Essay on Physician Assisted Suicide754 Words   |  4 PagesTitle: Physician Assisted Suicide Topic: Assisted Suicide Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience on the right to choose your path with P.A.S. Thesis Statement: Physician Assisted Suicide should be a matter of free will and not just law. Introduction Attention Material: â€Å"But it may also be within my power to take a life, this awesome responsibility must be faced with great humbleness and awareness of my own frailty. Above all, I must not play God†Read MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legalized: A Persuasive Essay2485 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction According to the U.S. Supreme Court, assisted suicide is not a right, and it remains illegal in most states. Oregon, Washington and Montana do permit it, however, and even though their laws in the courts for many years, in the end the Supreme Court did not forbid the states from passing such laws altogether. Many states already allow patients to refuse treatment in these situations, to die without having to endure extraordinary lifesaving measures, and to withhold food and water fromRead MoreMarriage Equality2061 Words   |  9 Pagesstates such as Massachusetts, California, New York, and Oregon have made same sex marriage legal. In the fight for gay marriage political essay such as â€Å"Gay â€Å"Marriage†: Societal Suicide† by Charles Colson and â€Å"What’s Wrong with Gay Marriage?† by Kath Pollitt were inspired. In these essays both writers have different points of views, but they are also both very persuasive on what’s right and wrong with sa me sex marriage along with supporting points. Same sex marriage is one of the most controversialRead MoreMy Writing Of My New College Career1374 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst essay paper, of my new college career, I could feel my heart start racing as soon as I read the word persuasive. I felt the emotional weight land on my shoulders already and I hadn’t even started writing yet. Persuasive was a word I was not good at portraying. I have never been a good talker to get people to do what I want. I tend to be a follower in these situations. So how was I going to get somebody to agree or see my point of view in words? I started off trying to find an essay thatRead MorePersuasive Essay Topics1228 Words   |  5 Pages101 Persuasive Essay Topics By: Mr. Morton Whether you are a student in need of a persuasive essay topic, or a teacher looking to assign a persuasive essay, this list of 101 persuasive essay topics should be a great resource. I taxed my brain to create this huge list of persuasive essay topics relevant to todays society, but I believe I am happy with the results. I appreciate any and all comments or feedback. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24Read More The Persuasive Tone of The Flea Essay766 Words   |  4 PagesThe Persuasive Tone of The Flea      Ã‚  Ã‚   John Donne, a member of metaphysical school in the Seventeenth century, exhibited his brilliant talent in poetry. In The Flea, he showed the passion to his mistress via persuasive attitude. The tone might straightforwardly create playfulness or sinfulness; yet, the poem contains none of either. What impress readers most is situation and device. The situation between the speaker and the audience is persuasion, love or marriage. As to device, the notableRead MoreComparison Of Emma Watson And Tim Watsons Speech941 Words   |  4 PagesEmma Watson and Tim Collins Analysis and Comparison Essay English Language Assignment In this essay I will be comparing and analysing Emma Watsons ‘Gender Equality is your issue too’ speech, executed on the 20th of September, 2014. Watson had pre-prepared this speech, as it was performed for the HeForShe campaign at the UN Headquarters, in New York. Alongside Tim Collins’ speech to the 1st Battalion of the Royal Irish Regiment, in Iraq, 2003 – of which was an eve-of-battle rousting and of which

Consumer Decision Making Process Free Essays

A CONSUMER DECISION-MAKING PROCESS IN PURCHSING A CAR Research suggests that customers go through five stages in making decision on any purchase (The Engel, Blackwell and Miniard, 1990). The economic buyer theory published by South-Western college in 1997 () explained that all customers have full information, make comparison, are rational, they have limited resources to satisfy their limitless needs, and they want to maximise satisfaction (page). A person who intends to purchase a car, go through a five decision-making stages. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Decision Making Process or any similar topic only for you Order Now These include; Problem recognition Information search Evaluation of alternatives Purchase Post-purchase behaviours In dealing with these processes, it is important to note that there are factors influencing individual decision-making process. The factors could be categorized into three; Individual factors Motivation Perception Learning Personality, self-concept, lifestyle Values, beliefs and attitudes Social factors Culture Reference group Opinion leaders Family Social class Purchase situation Reasons for purchase Time Physical surrounding A consumer, influenced by the above factors goes through the first stage; Problem recognition: An individual realises that something is not as it should be. Perhaps, for example, an individual goes to work on a commercial bus or train late because of constant delays in travel time, decides he needs a car. Once the problem is realised it goes to the second stage. Information search: In this stage a consumer engages in both internal and external information search. The internal search involves gathering information in his mind about cars he prefers. External search on the other hand involves finding information from friends, reviewing in customers reports, (for example, accelerator pedal faults on some Toyota brands reported by BBC on 28 January 2010), consulting different websites, and visiting several dealerships. Information could be as well gathered from brochures, catalogs and news coverage. Evaluation of alternatives: The car industry is a competitive market and gives consumers options to choose, ranging from brands, product features, fuel efficiency, balance, space and price, for example a car may have a low price and good fuel efficiency, but slow acceleration. If the price is inexpensive and fuel efficient, the customer may select it over a car with better acceleration that cost more and use more fuel. Purchase: The above stage in the decision-making process determine what happens in this stage. This stage is when the consumer makes the purchase of the car. Post-purchase behaviours: This is where the consumer considers his decision for justification. The consumer then seeks new information to reinforce and judge whether he had the right price and quality for his money. The consumer could avoid contradictory information or deliberately seek contrary information to refute. He could even revoke the decision by returning the car. Firms and organisations invented strategies to overcome cognitive dissonance through sending post-purchase letters, cards, advertisement, guarantees, warrantees, instruction booklets and refund policies. (Festinger, L. 1957) In conclusion, the study of these consumer decision-making stages will help firms and organizations to improve their marketing strategies. REFERENCES Brassington and Pettitt, (2006), _Principles of marketing, 4th ed. _ FT Prentice Hall. Charles W. Lamb jr, Christo Boshoff et al. (1997), Consumer Decision-making process, South-western college publishing. Engel, J. F. , Blackwell, R. D. and Miniard, P. W. (1990), Consumer Behaviour, Dryden. Festinger, L. (1957), A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, Stanford university press. Lars Perner (1999-2008), Consumer Behaviour, Publish by university of Southern California, Business school. How to cite Consumer Decision Making Process, Essays

Leader Ship and Management Essay Example Essay Example

Leader Ship and Management Essay Example Paper Leader Ship and Management Essay Introduction These brief stress audit case studies from PGA Group Consulting Psychologists show how the presence and the effects of stress at work were identified, addressed and relieved to the benefit of three organizations and their people. Several links to resources on this site, including an overview of the stress audit method and process are provided after the stress audit case studies below. Jump down to: Introduction | Company A | Company B | Company C | Lessons | Links IntroductionThe stress audit is an important stress management diagnostic process which combines organizational development survey methods with sophisticated stress tests and stress testing techniques. The stress audit’s purpose is primarily to identify stress symptoms and stress causes in the workplace, how individuals are coping with stress and managing stress at work, and how possibly to improve the work environment and /or the organization in such a way as to reduce stress levels and the negative effects of stres s, improve satisfaction and well-being, and improve organizational and individual performance.In short, as these stress audit case studies will show, the stress audit can show organizations and individuals how to deal with stress in the workplace. All the organizations discussed in these stress audit case studies were able to relieve stress at work by bringing stress under control through the use of a stress audit. The organizations brought about positive change in the workplace for the benefit of their people and for their own benefit. Stress Audit Case Study A This stress audit case study is about Company A, a 100-year-old UK manufacturing organization.The company employs 15,000 people and operates on 50 sites. It primarily supplies the agricultural machinery markets. The company set itself the objective of pulling itself out of a stagnant loss-making situation and to regain market dominance. It set out to accomplish this by completely redesigning its manufacturing techniques thro ugh lessons learnt from Japanese companies. The company also implemented a large-scale programme of organizational restructuring involving decentralization and the establishment of cost centres. However, the payoffs were not as great as expected, even after several years of development.The programme of large-scale change, in the context of an already ailing business had improved performance at a slower than expected rate. Individuals were experiencing stress also. Changes were being implemented and performance was being improved slowly but at a high personal cost (in terms of health) and high organization cost (in terms of disappointing efficiency increases). Senior managers presumed that middle managers were experiencing the worst stress, being caught between upper management and the work force. A stress audit was conducted with middle managers at each site.The hypothesis was confirmed by the stress audit. An analysis of the stress audit results indicated that stress levels were gr eater than expected and that many middle managers had adopted stressed styles of behaviour. The stress audit revealed that many of the middle managers perceived also that several of the changes going on around them were outside their influence or control. Analysis of stress sources and stress coping strategies employed by the middle managers revealed that the organizational development effort itself had the effect of being a source of stress.This in turn made it difficult for people to cope with the change of working practices. The organization decided therefore to implement additional programmes of stress counselling, and to address the issues of roll clarity and participation in change planning. The latter were seen as complimentary inputs to the development process. Efficiency gains and a reduction of stress were realized as a result. [Top] Stress Audit Case Study B This stress audit case study is about Company B, a 20-year-old UK financial services organization.It employs 350 pe ople and offers a wide range of financial services to a varied portfolio of clients, from charities to blue-chip companies. The organization has experienced massive growth over the last five years, based on acquisition rather than internal growth. While this has been well managed and the company does not appear to be a series of fragmented businesses, there are some problems the organization cannot shake off. The company values competitiveness and efficiency. These are encouraged not just in how the organization acts on clients’ behalf, but also in relationships between employees.Although the organization is involved in the money market business, which requires high energy, company B did have a reputation within the industry for demanding heavy commitment from its employees. Recruitment, selection and management practices were all geared accordingly and staff turnover figures were no worse than their best competitors’. However, senior partners within the organization w ere concerned about the apparent stressful experiences of those involved in money dealing. Everyone in the industry knew this to be a stressful occupation.Informal information filtering back to the partners also indicated that company B did have a particular reputation for high stress. Dealer performance was good but success was being achieved at a high personal cost. The nature of the job could not be redesigned, and indeed dealers had an active life of seven or eight years until aged in their mid 30’s when they either left the organization or were promoted to manage the accounts of larger clients and to generate new business. The latter group created a ‘ripple’ effect of stress experienced throughout the organization.A stress audit analysis revealed stress symptoms and sources of stress and gave the partners some insights into how this particular group was coping. Three sources of stress proved to be of importance: the nature of the job itself, relationships wi th people, and career development opportunities. The personalities of individuals selected into the dealing department were found to be stress prone. An analysis of stress coping behaviours revealed no coherent picture. The absence of clear stress coping strategies was seen as important.In this case, a stress management programme was introduced to explore further sources of stress and to enhance stress coping skills and strategies with the longer term goal of ‘prevention rather than cure. ’ Career counselling was introduced also for those approaching the end of their active dealing lives. [Top] Stress Audit Case Study C This stress audit case study is about Company C, an old established UK retail store. It is a household name in its home city and employs around 200 people.Although a large percentage of the sales force are female part-time employees, traditionally people tend to stay with the store, having been attracted by its openly paternalistic approach to management . The store had been taken over by a national chain, itself a household name. As part of a decentralization programme implemented at around the same time as the acquisition, the administrative headquarters for the national Group organization were moved to the same city as company C and now occupy adjoining premises.The Group was concerned about new graduate turnover in the Marketing function. Graduates were not leaving the organization but were instead moving from Marketing to other functions, Human Resources being a popular choice. This turnover was seen by the Group management as a legacy of management consultants’ reports of several years ago which had identified Marketing’s failures as having been a major contributor to the Group’s historical slump in profits. The image stayed within the company and Marketing was regarded as a ‘high stress’ department.The Group used a stress audit to diagnose the nature of stress in Marketing. It also applied th e stress audit analysis to the Human Resources department to see what was so attractive about it and to see what stress profiles were like in this supposedly desirable function. From the analysis of the stress audit, the Group decided to redesign some key areas in the Marketing department. They decided also to embark on small-scale restructuring to enhance communications and relax formal relationships.The Group embarked also on a campaign to change the internal attitudes towards the Marketing function. It accomplished this by setting up interdepartmental task forces to tackle major issues. This idea was prompted in part from the Human Resources Department stress audit which found therein a commitment to team building and communication skills. [Top] Lessons From the Stress Audit Case Studies An important feature of the stress audit case studies above is that the application of a stress audit was itself ‘managed. It is essential to take a planned approach to conducting the stres s audit and its stages rather than to conduct the stress audit in an isolated or haphazard manner. Specific plans will depend on the situation of course. The outcome of a stress audit must be carefully considered beforehand. As the stress audit case studies suggest, the use of a stress audit will create expectations within the workforce and the resulting changed perspectives and heightened expectations should be considered.As part of the overall plan, it is vitally important that someone is seen as owning the stress audit, preferably a senior figure. In other words, someone must be seen to be responsible for the stress audit and seeing the project through. A stress audit can be seen as an integral first step in problem identification. As with all forms of planned intervention, management programs (whether stress-related or not) must be targeted in order to be fully effective. A stress audit can provide that focus, as these stress audit case studies show Leader Ship and Management Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!